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Compare Niue (2003) - Jan Mayen (2001)

Compare Niue (2003) z Jan Mayen (2001)

 Niue (2003)Jan Mayen (2001)
 NiueJan Mayen
Administrative divisions none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order -
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle -
Airports 1 (2002) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 260 sq km


land: 260 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
373 sq km

land:
373 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA		 -
Capital Alofi -
Climate tropical; modified by southeast trade winds arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 64 km 124.1 km
Constitution 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Niue


former: Savage Island		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Jan Mayen
Currency New Zealand dollar (NZD) -
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Debt - external $418,000 (2002 est.) -
Dependency status self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue territory of Norway; administered from Oslo through a governor (sysselmann) resident in Longyearbyen (Svalbard); however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) -
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) -
Economy - overview The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island.
Electricity - consumption 2.79 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 3 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m		 lowest point:
Norwegian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea		 -
Ethnic groups Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) -
Exchange rates New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.162 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998) -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)


head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002)


cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers


elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005)


election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30%		 -
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts -
Exports - partners NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross the flag of Norway is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: 55%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate -0.3% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 19 02 S, 169 52 W 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note one of world's largest coral islands barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Highways total: 234 km


paved: 86 km


unpaved: 148 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs -
Imports - partners NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) -
Independence on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, handicrafts, food processing -
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (1995) -
International organization participation ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 13 (Jan Mayen and Svalbard) (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1993)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue -
Labor force NA -
Labor force - by occupation most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 19.23%


permanent crops: 7.69%


other: 73.08% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100%
Languages Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English -
Legal system English common law


note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws		 the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)


elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years (2003 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: 95%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Oceania Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 contiguous zone:
10 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
4 NM
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of New Zealand defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force -
National holiday Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) -
Nationality noun: Niuean(s)


adjective: Niuean		 -
Natural hazards typhoons dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources fish, arable land none
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 2,145 (July 2003 est.) no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are personnel who operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.01% (2003 est.) -
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA

note:
there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Railways 0 km -
Religions Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) -
Sex ratio NA (2003 est.) -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island


international: NA		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 376 (1991) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1991) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) -
Terrain steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman (2003 est.) -
Unemployment rate NA% -
Waterways none none
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